This study reviews national experiences in OECD countries in conducting time use surveys and producing official estimates of the size of unpaid work and nonmarket household production. It is important at the outset, to make a distinction between household work and household production. Household work refers to the unpaid labour which household members expend in producing goods and services for their own consumption. Household production refers to the goods and services produced within the household by its members – and consumed by them – by combining their unpaid labour and consumption goods – durable and non-durable – purchased on the market. Household work is one input, amongst others, into the household production process and represents the net value-added generated through this process. It is identified with reference to a set of activities considered to produce economic value in the same way as paid activities. Household production is identified on the basis of a number of goods and services which could be bought on the market.